Exploring photogrammetry 3D modeling for the preservation of the cultural heritage identity and designing an interactive virtual museum

Purpose The study aims to explore the heritage ruins of Bamuni Hill in Sonitpur, Northeast India, Assam, which stand as tangible evidence of the ancient panchayatana group of temples dating from the 10th–12th Century Common Era. These ruins include a significant collection of temple artifacts, such as stone figurines and sculptures. This research integrates photogrammetry-based 3D modeling with audio-visual elements, enabling users to explore the monument remains through a 3D virtual museum platform, thereby enhancing public engagement with cultural heritage beyond physical limitations. Design/methodology/approach This research demonstrates the effectiveness of photogrammetric documentation and 3D technology for presenting heritage ruins. The study offers an innovative and accessible way to interact with historical artifacts, contributing to heritage education. The design methodology begins with capturing high-resolution images for photogrammetric documentation, which are processed to generate 3D models using point cloud data. These digital replicas are refined through mesh optimization and retopology to accurately represent the ruins, followed by texturing and visualization. Findings The study presents a comprehensive approach to digitally preserving and presenting heritage sites. This strategy enhances cultural heritage education by promoting public interaction beyond physical boundaries and supporting future conservation and restoration initiatives. Social implications The design and implementation achievements would support the digital preservation of this cultural landmark and its profound legacy, thereby aiding future restoration and conservation efforts led by either the Archaeological Survey of India or the local community. Originality/value This research innovatively integrates traditional heritage preservation practices with digital technologies, offering a comprehensive framework for safeguarding and presenting heritage sites in the digital era. Additionally, this approach strengthens educational initiatives aimed at understanding cultural heritage from a broader perspective.