Legal Features of Collective Protection of Environmental Rights of Citizens in Russia and China

The institute for the protection of environmental rights is one of the leading institutions in the legal development of the Russian state. Cases of violations of environmental rights that occur in the practice of implementing environmental rights are challenges that require improved legal regulation that creates conditions for ensuring the protection of violated environmental rights. In the last decade, the legislation of the Russian Federation has undergone significant reforms of regulatory legal acts regulating the grounds, conditions and procedures for the protection of environmental rights. In particular, environmental regulations have clarified information related to environmental information that citizens of the Russian state can request, and the civil procedure legislation of our country has created conditions for the protection of any rights, including environmental rights, by a group of individuals. Environmental rights have been consolidated in the environmental legislation of the People’s Republic of China, and the procedure for considering collective lawsuits in defense of public interests in environmental protection tribunals has been defined. The purpose of the research is to determine the role of collective protection in restoring violated environmental rights, to analyze its regulatory framework, and to identify the effectiveness of their protection by a group of individuals. In the process of analyzing the legal framework governing the protection of environmental rights by a group of individuals, both the disadvantages and advantages of regulatory legal regulation in the field under study have been identified. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that ensuring the protection of the environmental rights of citizens of both the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China will be more effective when applying to the institution of collective protection than its implementation alone.