Current Trends in Myopia Management in Children

This review provides a comprehensive, guideline-based synthesis of current trends in pediatric myopia management, integrating optical, pharmacological, behavioral, and emerging therapies.Emphasis is placed on evidence quality, clinical applicability, and future directions. EpidEmiology a n d global burdEn o f Childhood myopiaThe prevalence of myopia has increased at an unprecedented rate over recent decades.Systematic reviews and meta-analyses demonstrate a clear generational shift, with earlier onset and faster progression in children exposed to modern educational and lifestyle environments. 7ast Asian countries report the highest prevalence, with urban regions showing myopia rates of 80-90% among adolescents. 8High myopia affects 10-20% of this population, significantly increasing the future burden of visual disability.Importantly, similar upward trends are now documented in Europe, North America, Australia, and parts of Africa, albeit at lower absolute prevalence.