Real-World Treatment Patterns and Safety Outcomes of Targeted Therapies in a Single-Center Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cohort

Backgroundand Objectives: Targeted therapies are increasingly used in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL); however, real-world data from routine clinical practice remain limited. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 47 patients with CLL who received at least one targeted therapy at a tertiary university hospital. Clinical characteristics, treatment responses, and adverse events were assessed. A total of 58 treatment events were included. Results: Obinutuzumab, ibrutinib, and venetoclax were administered in 34.5%, 46.5%, and 19.0% of treatment events, respectively. Numerically higher response rates were observed in treatment events involving obinutuzumab compared with ibrutinib and venetoclax (92.9% vs. 54.5% and 55.6%, respectively); however, treatment allocation was not randomized and these findings should be interpreted descriptively. Median overall survival from initiation of the first targeted therapy was 30.9 months. Adverse events occurred in more than 80% of treatment events. Neutropenia was more frequent with obinutuzumab and venetoclax, whereas bleeding events were more common with ibrutinib. Conclusions: In this real-world cohort, targeted therapies showed response patterns and safety findings consistent with routine clinical practice. Obinutuzumab was more frequently prescribed in older and more comorbid patients, reflecting treatment patterns rather than comparative superiority. These findings should be considered descriptive and hypothesis-generating, given the retrospective and single-center design.