The Balance of Private and Public Interests in Legislation at the Current Stage of Russian Statehood Development

The contours of federalism adopted and implemented in the Russian state and law, as well as the principles of organization and instruments for the functioning of public authority, are directly related to the formation and configuration of modern private law and its legal values. On this basis, the initial environment for the development of private law relations is being formed. Private and public law cannot be considered as unrelated spheres of legal regulation. Their tools are equally and uncontested important for strengthening Russian statehood, developing democracy, strengthening initiative and freedom in the practical implementation of the ideas of civil society, the rule of law and social state, and guaranteeing and ensuring human rights. The doctrine of private and public interests is still insufficiently developed in science, but the practice of legislative work and law enforcement practice provide rich empirical material for this. The new coordinates for solving the task are designed to increase guarantees of the rights of citizens and participants in economic activity, create new forms of protection of violated rights and legitimate interests with an increase in the effectiveness of justice and law enforcement activities. It requires studying the possibility and forms of an acceptable combination of private and public interests in the instruments and means of legal regulation. In the same aspect, a new tool is provided to assess the functionality and balance of the entire legal mechanism. It is important to correlate the values of private and public law in establishing their hierarchy, which will significantly ensure the practical implementation of the proportionality of limitations of legal opportunities and legal certainty. The issues raised become particularly acute in the context of the active introduction of the latest technologies, with lagging and fragmented approaches of the legislator.