Cosmic Origin: Critique of Zero & Primordial 1 (V1.0)

The confusion between 0 and 1, as well as the misinterpretation of Being and Non-Being, has been a hidden but fatal cognitive obstacle in cosmology and philosophy for thousands of years. Few scholars have systematically and fundamentally clarified this seemingly simple but core issue, leading to the long-standing fallacy of "regarding 0 as the cosmic origin" and the unsolvable paradox of "being arising from non-being". This paper, as an independent parallel V1.0 main paper, strictly distinguishes the essential boundaries between mathematical symbols and ontological concepts, clearly defines that 0 is merely a mathematical numerical state rather than absolute non-being, and the Primordial 1 is a holistic unified ontological entity instead of a simple digit 1. It further clarifies the core connotation of Being and Non-Being: Being refers to the state belonging to the ontological entity, while Non-Being is the potential implicit state within the Primordial 1, and both are unified in the Primordial 1. Integrating Wittgenstein’s thought that language distorts cognitive logic and Laozi’s classic idea of "holding Yin while embracing Yang", this paper completely breaks the cognitive trap caused by linguistic misuse, proves that the universe originates from the self-sufficient Primordial 1 rather than 0, and constructs a logically closed, rigorous and easy-to-understand theoretical framework for cosmic origin. This paper fills the theoretical gap in the fundamental clarification of 0, 1, Being and Non-Being, and provides an unshakable conceptual foundation for the entire cosmological theoretical system.