What question did this study set out to answer?

Evaluate the accuracy of the Cole formula for predicting endotracheal tube size in children with Down syndrome during cardiac surgery.

April 16, 2026Open Access

Predicted vs. Actual Endotracheal Tube Size in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery for Children with Down Syndrome

Key Points

Evaluate the accuracy of the Cole formula for predicting endotracheal tube size in children with Down syndrome during cardiac surgery.
Clinical analysis of predicted ETT size using Cole formula
Comparison with actual ETT size used in surgery
Assessment of anatomical variations among patients
Cole formula consistently overestimated required ETT size
Individual anatomical variations influenced accurate sizing
Need for tailored approaches rather than one-size-fits-all predictions

Abstract

The Cole formula consistently overestimated the required ETT size for children with Down syndrome undergoing cardiac surgery. While Cole's formula can serve as a general guide, in children with Down syndrome, individual anatomical variations necessitate clinical judgment and adjustments. This highlights the need for improved methods to predict ETT size in this population.

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Discussion

Authors

Madan M. Maddali

Haitham K. Al-Abri

Is’haq Al Aamri

Journals

Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia

Actions

Institutions

Royal Hospital

Oman Medical College

References and Citations

Connected Papers

Building similarity graph...

Analyzing shared references across papers

Predicted vs. Actual Endotracheal Tube Size in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery for Children with Down Syndrome

Key Points

Abstract

Citation Network

Connected Papers

Discussion

Authors

Journals

Actions

Institutions

References and Citations

Citation Network

Connected Papers

Discussion

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