An Ayurvedic Analytical Review of Genetic Theory and Pathogenesis Pertaining to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Artava Kshaya)

An estimated six percent to twenty percent of women in their reproductive years have polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a common heterogeneous endocrine disorder. Early puberty is when clinical symptoms first appear. These include irregular menstrual cycles, anovulation, acne, oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, hirsutism, and often infertility. The pathophysiology of PCOS is still difficult to understand despite recent technological advancements in science, and the majority of clinical data that has been published thus far has only been related to adult women. After that, adult women and teenage girls are most likely to meet the Rotterdam criteria. Adolescent girls are diagnosed based on traditional criteria such as irregular menstruation, clinical hyperandrogenism, and/or hyperandrogenaemia. On the other hand, adolescent girls have the least significant pelvic ultrasound results compared to adult women. Adolescent girls and women with PCOS are also more likely to suffer from mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Ayurveda places a high value on women's health, and literature frequently discusses PCOS symptoms and indicators in a similar manner, which is why PCOS and Artava kshaya are related. The goal of this review is to present a thorough understanding of Artava kshaya and PCOS pathogenesis. The work done here will make it possible to identify girls and adult women who have a high risk of developing PCOS earlier. Prompt adherence to tailored therapeutic interventions will enhance quality of life, prevent related comorbidities, and improve PCOS overall management. The different etiological factors and screening guidelines currently in use to prevent and treat PCOS are highlighted in this review.