Dynamic and nominative models of representation of components of the lexical-semantic field of Violence in the original and translated version of Stephen Crane's novel "The Red Badge of Courage" using tools for corpus text processing

The article is devoted to the problem of corpus-based text processing, specifically the analysis of the lexical-semantic field (LSF) of Violence in Stephen Crane's novel "The Red Badge of Courage" (1895) and its Russian translation by E. Linetskaya in 1989. The subject of the study is the morphological and syntactic organization of lexemes representing the concept of Violence in the original text and in the translation. In Crane's literary work, the concept of Violence becomes not only a structural and lexical-semantic center but also attains the status of a semiotic dominant around which the narrative is constructed. The aim of the study is to identify patterns in the distribution of parts of speech and the features of the grammatical representation of the elements of this lexical-semantic field in the original artistic text and in its translated version. The methodological framework of the research consists of a continuous sampling method, quantitative and comparative analysis using tools for corpus text processing. The material was processed using automatic morphological annotation and lemmatization (Python, spaCy). As a result of the quantitative analysis, it was established that in the English text, the LSF is characterized by a higher proportion of verbs (21.8%), reflecting a dynamic, procedural model of violence representation, while in the Russian translation, there is an intensification of nominalization: the share of nouns increases to 82.6%, and the number of adjectives also rises, which enhances the descriptive and evaluative components. The article introduces the terms dynamic/nominal model for defining the type of construction of the LSF in the original and translated versions. The scientific novelty of the research also lies in the quantitative comparison of the morphological structure of the LSF of Violence in the original and translated versions of the novel based on comprehensive automated text processing and POS tagging. The obtained results refine the understanding of the grammatical organization of the lexical-semantic field in the literary text and demonstrate the influence of typological features of languages and translation strategies on the transformation of the conceptual model of the field during translation. The results of corpus text processing can be applied in translation theory studies, comparative and corpus linguistics, as well as in practical courses on literary translation.