Biomass derived banana/viscose nonwoven incorporated with chitosan hydrogel facial mask for sensitive and dry skin

Facial masks, widely used for hydration, skin restoration, and sebum regulation, have evolved with innovative formulations. Hydrogel-based masks enriched with biomass-derived ingredients to improve skin tone and moisture and reduce wrinkles. Recent studies highlight the use of flaxseed mucilage and banana pseudo-stem sap, offering hydration, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial benefits for enhanced skincare. This study presents the development of a chitosan-based hydrogel composite reinforced with a viscose/banana blended nonwoven fabric for facial skin mask applications. Three different chitosan concentrations (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%) and varying nonwoven blend ratios of viscose to banana fibres were examined. The composites were characterised for their surface morphology, chemical interactions, mechanical strength, swelling, air permeability, moisture management, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties. The results showed that higher chitosan concentrations and greater viscose proportions improved tensile strength (79.01 N), water absorbency (298.76%), and moisture management capabilities (0.41), all of which are essential for adequate skin hydration and protection. FTIR and SEM analyses confirmed the successful formation of a chitosan hydrogel layer on the nonwoven fabric. The antibacterial and antioxidant results showed that the developed hydrogel composite has promise as a novel material for skin masks, enhancing skin protection, hydration, and overall functionality.