Modern biotechnological solutions in the prevention and control of coccidiosis in piglets on pig farms in Southern Ukraine

The aim was to theoretically substantiate and develop practical recommendations for a comprehensive biotechnological approach to disease prevention, specially adapted to the regional conditions of southern Ukraine. The materials were processed using methods of theoretical and methodological analysis, systematic and comparative analysis, analytical and synthetic generalisation, analogy and methodological design of practical recommendations. As a result of the study, the epizootic process of coccidiosis in piglets in farms in southern Ukraine was interpreted as being sustained by a combination of the environmental reservoir of Cystoisospora suis oocysts and technologically induced repeated contamination of bedding and production surfaces. The key factors determining the invasive pressure in the holding sections are the interaction of the microclimate of the premises with the modes of moistening/ drying of substrates within the technological cycle, in particular during prolonged periods of high temperatures in the warm season and the presence of local areas of stable moisture. On this basis, prevention is described as managing the links “source of invasion – environment – susceptible contingent” with priority given to measures that reduce the persistence of invasive material between batches and limit the re-seeding of the environment. The limits of applicability of monochemical schemes in systems where the environmental component of transmission is preserved are justified, and the risks relevant to the microbiome, biosafety and environmental consequences of the prolonged presence of anticoccidial agents are outlined. A criteria-based intervention assessment scheme has been operationalised through a coordinated set of indicators reflecting parasitological, clinical and production outcomes. An integrated protocol has been proposed that combines sanitary and hygienic contamination control, biotechnological interventions, and standardised monitoring based on the “before/after” principle. The practical significance lies in the possibility of implementing a unified algorithm for prevention and control in farms in southern Ukraine with reproducible performance evaluation and comparability of effects between sections and production cycles