Face and Construct Validity of a Grapefruit Arthroscopy Training Model With Active Fluid Management

Purpose To evaluate the face and construct validity of a grapefruit arthroscopy training model with active fluid management across varying levels of arthroscopic experience. Methods Orthopaedic residents, fellows, and attending surgeons were stratified into novice (n = 10), intermediate (n = 10), and advanced (n = 9) groups. Participants performed 5 standardized arthroscopic tasks on the grapefruit arthroscopy training model with active fluid management, including fluid management and precision resection. Performance was assessed using a composite scoring system evaluating task completion, accuracy, and water management (maximum 31 points), and total task completion time was recorded. Construct validity was evaluated by comparing performance metrics across experience levels. Face validity was assessed by attending surgeon survey responses. Results Median composite performance scores increased with experience level (novice, 21.5; intermediate, 28.5; advanced, 31; P < .001). Advanced participants outperformed both intermediate ( P = .001) and novice participants ( P < .001). Median total task completion time decreased from 18 min in novice participants to 6.3 min in advanced participants ( P < .003). Advanced participants showed superior water management compared with less experienced groups ( P = .009). Survey responses from 9 attendings supported face validity, with 77.8% to 100% rating the model as “very closely” aligned with training objectives. Conclusions This grapefruit arthroscopy training model with active fluid management showed face and construct validity, with increasing arthroscopic experience associated with higher performance scores and shorter task completion times. Clinical Relevance A validated arthroscopic training model with active fluid management may serve as an accessible educational tool for early arthroscopic skill development and assessment.