Multicriteria Optimization of Planning the Deployment of Fiber Optic Optical Lines Within Project Management Subject to Budget, Schedule, and Reliability Constraints

In the context of accelerating digital transformation and the rollout of fifth-generation (5G) communication networks, the task of rational planning of optical fiber infrastructure is gaining critical importance. The work is devoted to the formalization and study of the process of planning the deployment of optical fiber lines as a multicriteria optimization problem in which three mutually conflicting project objectives are simultaneously taken into account: minimization of total cost, reduction of calendar execution time, and maximization of network reliability. The aim of the study is a systematic analysis of the applicability of multicriteria optimization methods to identify and quantitatively assess the inevitable trade-offs among the stated objectives. The methodological basis includes a systematic review of current scholarly publications and industry reports, as well as conceptual modeling grounded in evolutionary algorithms, in particular the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results obtained show that the multicriteria approach yields a set of Pareto-optimal solutions and thus provides decision-makers not with a single correct option but with a spectrum of strategically validated deployment scenarios. The conclusions confirm that integrated multicriteria optimization frameworks are an essential toolkit for project management in the telecommunications domain: they make it possible to establish a well-founded balance among economic constraints, time frames, and technical requirements. The practical significance of the results is addressed to network architects, engineers, and project managers responsible for the planning and development of telecommunications infrastructure.