Healing Patterns of Periodontal Intrabony Defects Following Allograft and Alloplast Therapy: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Vertical periodontal bone defects pose a significant challenge in regenerative therapy. This study compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes of freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) and biphasic calcium phosphate (adbone®BCP) in patients with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: Twenty systemically healthy patients were randomized into two groups to receive either FDBA or AdboneBCP following open flap debridement. Clinical parameters, pocket probing depth (PPD) and relative attachment level (RAL), and radiographic bone fill (RBF) were assessed at baseline, three months, and six months postoperatively. RESULTS: Both graft materials led to significant improvements over six months. Mean PPD reduction was 4.2 mm with FDBA and 3.9 mm with AdboneBCP; mean RAL gain was 3.8 mm and 3.5 mm, respectively. Radiographic bone fill averaged 62% for FDBA and 58% for AdboneBCP. Differences between groups were not statistically significant. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS: AdboneBCP is a safe, effective, and predictable synthetic alternative to FDBA for regenerating vertical periodontal defects. Its comparable clinical and radiographic outcomes support its use in scenarios where allograft availability is limited.